Introduction

Understanding the structure of a Nuts program and how to use variables effectively is crucial for writing efficient and functional Nuts code. In this guide, I will walk you through the core structure of a Nuts program and explain how variables work, how to manipulate them, and how to use them in your programs.

Chapter 1: Nuts Program Structure

A Nuts program consists of three key parts:

  1. Head – Initializes the program and switches to the Nuts programming environment.
  2. Body – Contains the main program logic and commands.
  3. End Point – Terminates the execution of the program.

1.1 Head (Program Initialization)

The head of a Nuts program must switch the execution to the Nuts environment and define the first file to execute. Here is an example of a proper head section:

set dst=program1
nuts

In this example, dst is set to program1, meaning execution will continue in the file named program1. The nuts command switches the program into the Nuts environment.

1.2 Body (Main Program Logic)

The body consists of commands that perform operations such as displaying messages, calculations, and user interactions. For example:

set dst=program2
set emt=Hello, welcome to Nuts!
emt

This code sets the next execution file as program2 and displays the message "Hello, welcome to Nuts!" on the screen.

1.3 End Point (Terminating Execution)

The end of a Nuts program is determined by setting dst to exit or a non-existent file:

set dst=exit
brk

This stops execution and ends the program.

Chapter 2: Understanding Nuts Variables

2.1 What Are Variables?

A variable is a container for storing values. In Nuts, variables store either:

  • Integers – Used for mathematical operations like addition and subtraction.
  • Strings – Text values that can be combined but not calculated.

2.2 Creating Variables

To create a variable, use the set command followed by the variable name and value:

set name=John
set age=25

Here, name is assigned "John", and age is assigned 25.

2.3 Changing Variables

To update a variable, simply assign a new value:

set age=30

This changes age to 30.

2.4 Referring to Variables

To use the value of a variable, enclose its name in % symbols:

set num1=20
set num2=%num1%

Now, num2 has the same value as num1.

2.5 Merging Variables

You can merge two variables by referring to both in a new variable:

set first=Hello
set second=World
set message=%first% %second%

Now, message contains "Hello World".

2.6 Resetting Variables

To reset a variable, assign it an empty value:

set name=

This clears the variable name.

Chapter 3: Essential Nuts Variables

Some variables are essential in Nuts programming because certain commands require them. Below is a list of key variables:

Variable Usage
dst Specifies the next execution file (required by most commands).
emt Holds the message displayed by the emt command.
cta Stores user input received during execution.
num1 First number used in mathematical and conditional operations.
num2 Second number used in mathematical and conditional operations.
action Specifies where execution goes if a condition is met (used with chke).
dly Specifies the delay duration in seconds before executing the next command.

Conclusion

Understanding the structure of a Nuts program and mastering variables is fundamental for writing efficient programs. With this knowledge, you can now create, modify, and manipulate variables to control the flow and functionality of your Nuts applications. Experiment with different variables and commands to improve your skills!